The western corn rootworm was first described as a pest of corn in Colorado in 1909. Shortly after World War II corn production became much more prevalent. Much of the increase in corn production during this time period was due primarily to technological advancements in irrigation and synthetic fertilizers. This not only allowed for more corn to be grown, but it also allowed for corn to be grown continuously. These advancements made it possible for farmers to grow continuous corn without any type of rotation. The western corn rootworms are dependent on the corn as a larval host. Before this rapid increase in corn cultivation western corn rootworm populations did not reach levels that would cause serious harm. This increase in corn cultivation provided them with the habitat necessary to become serious pests.
Management of western corn rootworm has historically been a difficult task. It has been characterized by continued adaptation on the part of the western corn rootworm to all types of management tactics as well as a spread in geographic range. It was originally found in Colorado, but spread to the East coast and even into Europe. They have a marked ability to adapt to different circumstances and evade control measures. They have developed resistance to chemical means of control as well as cultural practices. |
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